Nursing care of patients with uremic pruritus treated by hemoperfusion and dialyzer in tandem
血液灌流器与透析器串联治疗尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者的护理

摘要

目的 分对接受血液灌流器与透析器串联治疗的尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者实施综合性护理的效果。方法抽取2022年12月~2023年12月期间在我院接受血液灌流器与透析器串联治疗的尿毒症患者80例，所有患者均出现了严重皮肤瘙痒症状，以随机信封法分组，接受常规护理的40例患者为对照组，接受综合护理的40例患者为观察组，对比指标：不良情绪评分[焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）]、皮肤瘙痒程度评分、每次皮肤瘙痒发作持续时间、一次穿刺成功率及皮下出血发生率。结果 （1）干预后，观察组SAS及SDS评分均低于干预前且均低于对照组（P＜0.05）；（2）干预后，观察组皮肤瘙痒程度评分及每次皮肤瘙痒发作持续时间均低于干预前且均代于对照组（P＜0.05）；（3）组间对比，观察组一次穿刺成功率更高，皮下出血发生率更低（P＜0.05）。结论 对血液灌流器与透析器串联治疗尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者实施综合护理可改善其不良情绪及皮肤瘙痒症状，并可提高一次穿刺成功率、降低皮下出血发生风险。

Abstract

Objective The effect of comprehensive care for patients receiving hemoperfusion and dialyzer.
Methods Taking 80 uremia patients treated in series in our hospital from December 2022 to December 2023, all patients developed severe pruritus, 40 patients receiving routine care as control group, 40 patients receiving comprehensive care as the observation group, comparison indicators: bad mood score [self-rating scale of anxiety (SAS), self-rating scale of depression (SDS)], degree of pruritus, duration of each pruritus episode, success rate of one puncture and incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage.
Results (1) after the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were lower than before the intervention and lower than the control group (P < 0.05); (2) after the intervention, the duration of the pruritus were lower than before the intervention and compared with the control group (P < 0.05); (3) between the groups, the success rate of one puncture was higher and the incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage was lower (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   Comprehensive care for patients with blood perfusion device and dialyzer can improve their bad mood and pruritus symptoms, improve the success rate of primary puncture and reduce the risk of subcutaneous hemorrhage.