摘要
术后疼痛是常见急性疼痛，属于手术、创伤后常见生理反应。骨科术后患者受到手术创伤、术后固定、特殊治疗等因素影响，往往存在不同程度疼痛，严重影响患者术后康复进程。目前，针对术后镇痛虽然常规西医镇痛方案能短时间缓解患者疼痛，但是镇痛效果仍存在一定局限，而且存在药物不良反应。中医护理干预更加重视整体观念，基于辨证施护原则，在骨科术后疼痛管理中具有独特优势。本研究基于中医对骨科术后疼痛认知，分析骨科术后常用中医护理干预方法。
关键词： 骨科；术后疼痛；中医护理；应用进展
Abstract
Postoperative pain is a common acute pain, belonging to the common physiological reactions after surgery and trauma. Orthopedic patients are often affected by surgical trauma, postoperative immobilization, and special treatments, resulting in varying degrees of pain, which seriously affects their postoperative recovery process. Currently, although conventional Western medicine analgesia can relieve pain in the short term, its analgesic effect still has certain limitations and adverse drug reactions exist. TCM nursing intervention emphasizes a holistic approach and, based on the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment, has unique advantages in the management of postoperative pain in orthopedic surgery. This study analyzes commonly used TCM nursing intervention methods based on TCM’s understanding of postoperative pain in orthopedic surgery.
Key words： Orthopedics; Postoperative pain; TCM nursing; Application progress
参考文献 References
[1] 汤杰杰,凌奕清. 以中医护理为核心构建骨科中医特色护理管理方案的研究 [J]. 中医药管理杂志, 2025, 33 (7): 171-173.
[2] 李娜. 中医特色辨证施护方案在骨科健康管理中的应用效果 [J]. 中医药管理杂志, 2024, 32 (20): 120-122.
[3] 温小红,胡开兴. 耳穴贴压配合情志护理治疗四肢骨折术后疼痛的疗效观察 [J]. 湖北中医杂志, 2021, 43 (4): 48-49.
[4] 倪佳萍. 穴位贴敷联合耳穴压豆对股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期患者术后便秘、疼痛和负性情绪的影响[J].中国中医药科技,2022,29 (5):888-890.
[5] 王美珍. 耳穴压豆联合腕踝针治疗胫骨外侧平台骨折术后疼痛30例[J].福建中医药,2021,52 (10):55-57.
[6] 马士辉,鲁丽莎,铁位有,等. 中药贴敷联合耳穴埋豆对全膝关节置换术后患者膝关节功能及疼痛程度的影响[J].四川中医,2021,39 (4):187-189.
[7] 刘琼,朱胜玲,郎秀娟. 中医经络穴位按摩联合循证护理对骨科护理服务质量的影响 [J]. 中医药管理杂志, 2024, 32 (18): 138-140.
[8] Keleş İ A ,Kaya H ,Keleş İ G , et al. Exposure to an Electromagnetic Field During Adolescence Can Cause Destruction and Pain in Bone Tissue and Cells While Also Triggering New Bone Formation [J]. Bratislava Medical Journal, 2025, 126 (9): 1-13.
[9] 王凤霞. 减轻骨科患者术后疼痛中应用中医护理方案的研究 [J]. 中医临床研究, 2020, 12 (21): 107-108.
[10] A. S P ,D. A F ,V. T K , et al. Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Methods in Medical Rehabilitation of Patients with Shoulder and Scapular Pain Syndrome in a Sanatorium: a Randomized Clinical Study [J]. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2023, 22 (3): 122-129.
[11] 周圆,俞柯燕. 中医适宜技术在骨科患者疼痛管理中的应用 [J]. 中医药管理杂志, 2025, 33 (16): 161-163.
[12] 万里红,邱纬. 温经通络推拿联合艾灸改善腰椎间盘突出症患者疼痛程度及腰椎功能的作用 [J]. 上海护理, 2023, 23 (2): 10-13.