摘要
目的 探讨急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）后吞咽障碍患者护理中安全进食行为流程护理的效果。方法 选取2025年1月-2025年12月收治的60例AIS后吞咽障碍患者，随机分为对照组（常规护理）和观察组（安全进食行为流程护理）各30例，干预时长均为4周，对比护理效果。结果 干预后，观察组总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、血红蛋白（Hb）、身体质量指数（BMI）营养指标、安全进食行为各维度评分、VESS吞咽功能评分、MDADI生活质量评分均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 针对AIS后吞咽障碍患者开展安全进食行为流程护理可有效优化患者进食行为、改善吞咽功能、提升机体营养水平，显著改善患者预后生活质量，具备临床推广价值。
关键词： 急性缺血性脑卒中；生活质量；安全进食行为流程护理；吞咽障碍；营养状况指标
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of nursing care using a safe eating behavior protocol on patients with dysphagia after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods Sixty patients with dysphagia after AIS admitted from January 2025 to December 2025 were randomly divided into a control group (routine nursing) and an observation group (safe eating behavior protocol nursing), with 30 patients in each group. The intervention lasted for 4 weeks, and nursing outcomes were compared. Results After the intervention, the observation group exhibited significantly better nutritional indicators Total Protein (TP), Albumin (ALB), Hemoglobin (Hb), Body Mass Index (BMI), scores in all dimensions of safe eating behavior, VESS swallowing function scores, and MDADI quality of life scores compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Implementing a safe eating behavior protocol for patients with dysphagia after AIS can effectively optimize eating behaviors, improve swallowing function, enhance nutritional status, and significantly improve prognosis and quality of life, making it clinically valuable for promotion.
Key words： Acute ischemic stroke; Quality of life; Safe eating behavior process nursing; Dysphagia; Nutritional status indicators
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