Analysis of pain management and psychological care strategies for patients with multiple myeloma
多发性骨髓瘤患者疼痛管理与心理护理对策分析

摘要

目的 探讨多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者疼痛管理与心理护理的有效对策，分析护理干预对患者疼痛程度、心理状态及生活质量的影响，为临床护理提供科学依据。方法 选取2022年1月至2024年12月我院血液内科收治的86例多发性骨髓瘤患者，随机分为对照组与观察组各43例。对照组采用常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上实施针对性疼痛管理与个性化心理护理，干预周期3个月。比较两组干预前后VAS疼痛评分、SAS焦虑评分、SDS抑郁评分、GQOLI-74生活质量评分，统计护理满意度与不良事件发生率。结果 干预前两组各项指标差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；干预后观察组VAS、SAS、SDS评分均显著低于对照组，GQOLI-74各维度评分显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组护理满意度95.35%，高于对照组79.07%；不良事件发生率4.65%，低于对照组18.60%，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 对多发性骨髓瘤患者实施规范疼痛管理与个性化心理护理，可有效减轻疼痛、改善负性情绪、提升生活质量与护理满意度，降低不良事件风险，值得临床推广。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effective strategies of pain management and psychological nursing for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), and analyze the effects of nursing intervention on pain, psychological state and quality of life.
Methods A total of 86 MM patients admitted to the Department of Hematology of our hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 43 cases each. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group was given targeted pain management and personalized psychological nursing on the basis of routine care for 3 months. The VAS, SAS, SDS and GQOLI-74 scores were compared before and after intervention, and nursing satisfaction and incidence of adverse events were counted.
Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences in all indexes between the two groups (P>0.05); after intervention, the VAS, SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the GQOLI-74 scores were significantly higher (P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 95.35%, higher than 79.07% of the control group; the incidence of adverse events was 4.65%, lower than 18.60% of the control group, with significant differences (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Standardized pain management combined with personalized psychological nursing can effectively relieve pain, improve negative emotions, enhance quality of life and nursing satisfaction, and reduce adverse events in MM patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion.