Analysis of causes and nursing measures for pruritus in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure
慢性肾功能衰竭血液透析患者皮肤瘙痒原因及护理的分析

摘要

目的 探讨慢性肾衰血透患者皮肤瘙痒病因，制定验证针对性护理方案，为临床护理提供参考。方法 选取2024年1月-2025年6月我院45例慢性肾衰血透并发皮肤瘙痒患者，对照组22例、观察组23例。对照组行常规护理，观察组加用针对性护理，对比两组干预前后瘙痒程度与生活质量评分。结果 干预前两组瘙痒程度评分无统计学差异；干预后两组瘙痒评分均下降，且观察组降幅更大（P＜0.05）；两组SF-36各维度评分均提升，观察组均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 慢性肾衰血透患者皮肤瘙痒与多因素相关，病因针对性护理可缓解瘙痒，提升生活质量及满意度，具推广价值。

Abstract

Objective To explore the causes of pruritus in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure, formulate and verify targeted nursing schemes, and provide references for clinical nursing work.
Methods A total of 45 hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure complicated with pruritus admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to June 2025 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The control group included 22 cases and received routine nursing, while the observation group consisted of 23 cases and was given additional targeted nursing. The pruritus degree and quality of life scores of the two groups before and after intervention were compared.
Results There was no statistically significant difference in pruritus score between the two groups before intervention. After intervention, the pruritus scores of both groups decreased, and the decrease amplitude of the observation group was greater (P<0.05); the scores of all dimensions of SF-36 in both groups increased, and the scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Pruritus in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure is related to multiple factors. Targeted nursing based on causes can alleviate pruritus, improve the quality of life and satisfaction, which is worthy of clinical promotion.