摘要
目的 探究腹式呼吸训练联合渐进抗阻呼吸训练对慢阻肺患者肺康复护理效果的影响。方法 在2024年10月至2025年10月的研究期间，选择将医院收治的78例慢阻肺患者纳入研究范围，按照双色球法划分为对比组（n=39）和试验组（n=39）。对比组采取常规护理模式，试验组在常规护理基础上实施腹式呼吸训练联合渐进抗阻呼吸训练，对比两组肺功能、睡眠质量、呼吸困难程度三项指标。结果 试验组患者FEV1、FVC、PEF等肺功能指标均高于对比组（P＜0.05）；试验组患者睡眠质量评分低于对比组（P＜0.05）；试验组患者呼吸困难程度低于对比组（P＜0.05）。结论 腹式呼吸训练联合渐进抗阻呼吸训练能够显著提高慢阻肺患者肺康复护理效果，不仅促进其肺功能恢复，还能缓解呼吸困难症状和提高睡眠质量。
关键词： 腹式呼吸训练；渐进抗阻呼吸训练；慢阻肺；肺康复护理
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of abdominal breathing training combined with progressive resistance breathing training on the pulmonary rehabilitation nursing effect in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods During the research period from October 2024 to October 2025, a total of 78 patients with COPD admitted to our hospital were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into a control group and an experimental group by the random number table method, with 39 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the experimental group was given abdominal breathing training combined with progressive resistance breathing training on the basis of routine nursing care. Three indicators including pulmonary function, sleep quality and dyspnea degree were compared between the two groups. Results The pulmonary function indexes such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) of the experimental group were all higher than those of the control group (P<0.05); the sleep quality score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05); the dyspnea degree of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Abdominal breathing training combined with progressive resistance breathing training can significantly improve the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation nursing for patients with COPD, not only promoting the recovery of their lung function but also alleviating dyspnea symptoms and improving sleep quality.
Key words： Abdominal breathing training; Progressive resistance breathing training; Chronic obstructive pulmo-nary disease; Pulmonary rehabilitation nursing
参考文献 References
[1] 慢性阻塞性肺疾病中西医结合管理专家共识写作组.慢性阻塞性肺疾病中西医结合管理专家共识(2023版)[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(35):4359-4371.
[2] 姚娟,贺坤,李歌云.体外膈肌起搏的优化肺康复护理结合个体化认知行为干预对老年慢阻肺患者血气指标与治疗依从性的影响[J].航空航天医学杂志,2025,36(04): 483-485.
[3] 贾明英,吴婷婷,许会娟,等.个性化身心诉求护理模式下的肺康复护理对老年慢阻肺患者症状改善及肺功能的影响[J].黑龙江医药科学,2024,47(06):185-186+189.
[4] 陈碧真,黄春梅.缩唇腹式呼吸训练联合睡眠干预对慢阻肺患者睡眠质量的影响[J].世界睡眠医学杂志,2024, 11(05):1177-1180.
[5] 王海兄,刘明,王婷婷.个体化肺康复护理对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能的影响[J].中西医结合护理(中英文),2024,10(03):85-87.
[6] 张燕燕,颜锶娜,黄幼花,等.肺康复训练联合早期心脏康复护理对老年慢阻肺缓解期并慢性心衰患者心肺功能及效果的影响[J].心血管病防治知识,2023,13(17):94-96.
[7] 颜小艳,彭世秀,徐亮.抗阻呼吸激励式肺量计对C、D组慢阻肺肺康复效果研究[J].中国现代医药杂志,2022, 24(01):48-51.
[8] 罗燕妃.渐进抗阻呼吸训练联合腹式呼吸训练在老年慢阻肺伴呼吸衰竭患者肺康复护理中的价值分析[J].黑龙江中医药,2025,54(02):218-219.
[9] 孔苗苗,杨娟,朱慕云.激励式呼吸肌功能训练对稳定期老年慢阻肺患者肺功能及生活能力的影响[J].中国现代医药杂志,2020,22(11):89-91.
[10] 李亚,薛翠,吴亚波,等.缩唇腹式呼吸联合呼吸操对慢阻肺患者运动耐力及呼吸困难症状的影响[J].护理实践与研究,2020,17(12):63-64.