Application of evidence-based oropharyngeal nursing in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in newborns
基于循证理念的口咽部护理在预防新生儿呼吸机相关肺炎中的应用

摘要

目的 观察分析基于循证理念的口咽部护理在预防新生儿呼吸机相关肺炎中的应用效果和应用价值。方法 选择院内就诊的60例接受呼吸机辅助通气治疗的新生儿（样本纳入例数：60例；样本纳入时间：2023年5月至2024年5月），以随机数字为基础分组方式，分为对照、实验两个小组，分别实施常规护理，基于循证理念的口咽部护理。收集分析护理效果。结果 两组护理前肺部感染评分没有显著性差异（P＞0.05），与对照组（常规护理）相比，实验组（基于循证理念的口咽部护理）护理后的患儿机械通气时间、重症治疗时间、住院时间更短，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；实验组护理质量评分（护理服务态度/实际操作技能/护理规范性/家属护理满意度）高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；实验组呼吸机相关肺炎发生率低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；两组呼吸机相关肺炎发生时间没有显著性差异（P＞0.05）。结论 基于循证理念的口咽部护理可以有效提高护理质量，减少接受呼吸机辅助通气治疗的新生儿呼吸机相关肺炎发生率，促进恢复，有较高应用价值。

Abstract

Objective To observe and analyze the application effect and application value of oropharyngeal care based on evidence-based concept in the prevention of neonatal ventilator-related pneumonia.
Methods 60 hospital newborns receiving ventilator assisted ventilation (sample number: 60; sample inclusion time: May 2023 to May 2024), divided into two groups: control and experimental groups, and routine nursing based on evidence-based oropharyngeal nursing. Collect and analyze the nursing effect.
Results There was no significant difference in the pulmonary infection score between the two groups (P> 0.05), Compared with the control group (usual care), The experimental group (evidence-based oropharyngeal nursing) had shorter mechanical ventilation, severe treatment, and hospital stay, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); The nursing quality score (nursing service attitude / practical skills / nursing standardization / family nursing satisfaction) was higher than that in the control group, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); The incidence of ventilator-related pneumonia in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); There was no significant difference in the time of ventilator-related pneumonia between the two groups (P> 0.05).
Conclusion   Oropharyngeal care based on evidence-based concept can effectively improve the quality of care, reduce the incidence of ventilator-related pneumonia in newborns receiving ventilator-assisted ventilation treatment, promote recovery, and have high application value.