摘要
目的 探讨失效模式和效应分析在降低新生儿PICC导管相关性血流感染中的建立与应用。方法 选取在2024年全年内，我院新生儿重症监护区执行了PICC置管操作的所有新生儿60例作为本次分析对象，根据护理模式的差异按乱数表法进行分组，对照组采用常规护理方法进行风险管理，观察组在常规护理基础上运用失效模式和效应分析进行风险管理。两组CRBSI发生率进行比较。两组导管留置时间以及两组家属关于护理服务的满意水平进行了衡量与比较。结果 相较于对照组，观察组出现中央导管相关性血流感染（CRBSI）的几率显著降低（p＜0.05）。相较于对照组，观察组的导管留置时间显著更长（p＜0.05）。观察组家属的护理满意度较对照组而言显著提升（p＜0.05）。结论 运用失效模式与效应分析策略来管理新生儿PICC置管过程中的风险，能够有效识别高风险失效模式，通过制定并实施针对性的预防措施，显著降低CRBSI的发生率，优化护理服务品质与满意度，值得在临床领域广泛采纳与推广。
关键词： 失效模式和效应分析；新生儿；PICC导管；导管相关性血流感染；风险管理
Abstract
Objective To explore the establishment and application of failure mode and effects analysis in reducing PICC catheter-related bloodstream infections in newborns. Methods Sixty newborns who underwent PICC catheterization in the neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital throughout 2024 were selected as the analysis subjects. According to the differences in nursing modes, they were grouped according to the random number table method. The control group received risk management using conventional nursing methods, while the observation group received risk management using failure mode and effect analysis on the basis of conventional nursing. Compare the incidence of CRBSI between two groups. The retention time of two groups of catheters and the satisfaction level of nursing services among two groups of family members were measured and compared. Results Compared with the control group, the incidence of central catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) in the observation group was significantly reduced (p<0.05). Compared to the control group, the observation group had significantly longer catheter retention time (p<0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group's family members was significantly improved compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion The use of failure mode and effects analysis strategies to manage risks during neonatal PICC catheterization can effectively identify high-risk failure modes, significantly reduce the incidence of CRBSI by developing and implementing targeted preventive measures, optimize nursing service quality and satisfaction, and is worthy of wide adoption and promotion in the clinical field.
Key words： Failure mode and effects analysis; Newborn; PICC catheter; Catheter-related bloodstream infection; Risk management
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