Analysis of independent risk factors and nursing strategies of postoperative incision infection in orthopedics
骨科术后切口感染的独立危险因素分析及护理对策

摘要

目的 探讨骨科术后切口感染的独立危险因素及护理对策。方法 选择我院2023年12月~2024年12月骨科收治的70例患者，其中35例术后出现切口感染的患者为感染组，另35例为非感染组，分析感染的独立危险因素，并提供护理对策。结果 独立危险因素包括年龄>60 岁、合并基础疾病、Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类切口、急诊手术以及术中未合理使用抗生素(P均<0.05)。结论 研究表明年龄超过60岁、合并有基础疾病如糖尿病或心血管疾病、类和亚类切口类型、急诊手术以及术中未合理使用抗生素已被确认为骨科术后切口感染的独立危险因素。这些因素显著增加了患者术后感染的风险，对患者的康复构成了严重威胁。因此，医护人员在面对具有上述一项或多项风险因素的患者时，需采取更加细致周到的预防性护理对策。这不仅有助于改善患者的临床结局，还能减轻医疗系统的负担，提升整体医疗服务效率。

Abstract

Objective To explore the independent risk factors of postoperative incision infection and nursing countermeasures.
Methods 70 patients admitted to the department of Orthopedics from December 2023 to December 2024, among which 35 patients with incisional infection were in the infected group and 35 patients in the non-infected group, were selected to analyze independent risk factors of infection and provide nursing countermeasures.
Results Independent risk factors included age> 60 years, underlying disease, class and incisions, emergency surgery and no reasonable intraoperative use of antibiotics (P <0.05).
Conclusion  s Studies have shown that age over 60 years, combined with underlying diseases such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease, class and subclass incision types, emergency surgery, and unreasonable use of intraoperative antibiotics have been identified as independent risk factors for orthopedic postoperative incision infection. These factors significantly increase the risk of postoperative infection and pose a serious threat to patient rehabilitation. Therefore, medical staff need to take more meticulous and thoughtful preventive care countermeasures when facing patients with one or more of the above risk factors. This will not only help improve the clinical outcomes of patients, but also reduce the burden of the medical system and improve the overall efficiency of medical services.