The impact of operating room nursing interventions on postoperative wound infection rates
手术室护理干预对术后切口感染率的影响研究

摘要

目的 随着外科手术的广泛应用，术后切口感染成为影响患者康复的重要因素之一。手术室护理作为手术过程中的重要环节，对于预防术后切口感染具有至关重要的作用。本研究旨在通过对比实施手术室护理干预前后的术后切口感染率，评估护理干预在降低术后切口感染率方面的效果，为临床护理工作提供参考。方法 实验组接受系统的手术室护理干预，对照组则采用常规护理。所有患者均于术后随访观察两周，记录切口感染情况。1. 术前准备：完善术前检查，评估患者身体状况；做好术前教育，缓解患者紧张情绪。2. 无菌操作：严格遵守无菌操作原则，确保手术器械、手术环境和手术人员的手部无菌。3. 手术技巧：优化手术流程，提高手术精度，减少组织损伤。4. 术后护理：密切观察患者切口情况，及时更换敷料，预防感染；指导患者合理饮食和休息，促进康复。根据《医院感染诊断标准》，术后感染主要表现为切口红肿、疼痛、渗液等炎症反应，伴有发热、白细胞升高等全身症状。结果 实验组患者的术后切口感染率为10.0%，显著低于对照组的25.3%（P<0.05）。实验组患者的愈合时间为（14.5±2.8）天，住院时间为（10.2±1.9）天；对照组患者的愈合时间为（18.7±3.6）天，住院时间为（13.5±2.4）天。两组相比，实验组患者愈合时间和住院时间均较短。结论 本研究通过对手术室护理干预前后术后切口感染率的对比分析，结果表明手术室护理干预能够显著降低术后切口感染率，提高患者对手术室护理的满意度。因此，加强手术室护理工作，提高护理质量是预防术后切口感染的关键所在。在未来的工作中，我们应继续关注手术室护理提升的相关问题，不断优化护理流程，为患者更加安全、有效的医疗服务。

Abstract

Objective With the widespread application of surgical procedures, postoperative wound infection has become one of the significant factors affecting patient recovery. Operating room nursing, as a crucial part of the surgical process, plays a vital role in preventing postoperative wound infections. This study aims to compare the postoperative wound infection rates before and after implementing operating room nursing interventions to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions in reducing postoperative wound infection rates, providing a reference for clinical nursing work.
Methods The experimental group received systematic operating room nursing interventions, while the control group received routine nursing care. All patients were followed up for two weeks after surgery to record wound infection cases. 1. Preoperative preparation: Complete preoperative examinations and assess the patient's physical condition; conduct preoperative education to alleviate patient anxiety. 2. Sterile operation: Strictly adhere to the principles of sterile operations to ensure the sterility of surgical instruments, the surgical environment, and the hands of surgical personnel. 3. Surgical techniques: Optimize the surgical process, improve surgical precision, and reduce tissue damage. 4. Postoperative care: Closely monitor the patient's wound condition, change dressings promptly to prevent infection; guide patients on proper diet and rest to promote recovery. According to the "Hospital Infection Diagnosis Standards," postoperative infections mainly manifest as redness, swelling, pain, and exudate at the incision site, accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever and elevated white blood cell count.
Results The postoperative wound infection rate in the experimental group was 10.0%, significantly lower than the control group's 25.3% (P<0.05). The healing time for patients in the experimental group was (14.5±2.8) days, and the hospital stay was (10.2±1.9) days; for the control group, the healing time was (18.7±3.6) days, and the hospital stay was (13.5±2.4) days. Compared to the control group, the experimental group had shorter healing and hospitalization times.
Conclusion   This study, through comparative analysis of postoperative wound infection rates before and after operating room nursing interventions, shows that operating room nursing interventions can significantly reduce postoperative wound infection rates and improve patient satisfaction with operating room nursing. Therefore, strengthening operating room nursing work and improving nursing quality are key to preventing postoperative wound infections. In future work, we should continue to focus on issues related to the improvement of operating room nursing, continuously optimize nursing processes, and provide safer and more effective medical services for patients.