Effect of postpartum breast nursing mode on breastfeeding and incidence of lactation in primipara
产后乳房护理模式对初产妇母乳喂养情况及乳汁淤积发生率的影响

摘要

目的 探讨在初产妇中实施产后乳房护理模式干预对产后母乳喂养情况和乳汁淤积发生率的影响。方法 选取本院2023年（1月-12月）收治的475例初产妇资料，设为对照组（实施常规产后护理模式），然后选取本院2024年（1月-12月）收治的501例初产妇资料，设为观察组（实施产后乳房护理模式）。比较两组初产妇早吮吸发生率、母乳喂养正确率、乳汁淤积和乳腺管堵塞发生率，并对比两组产后第1、2、3d的乳房疼痛程度（VAS）和泌乳量。结果 护理后观察组的早吮吸发生率、母乳喂养（哺乳姿势、婴儿含接、哺乳时间充足）正确率高于对照组，且乳汁淤积、乳腺管堵塞的发生率分别低于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组产后第1、2、3d的VAS评分低于对照组，且泌乳量多于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 对初产妇产后实施乳房护理模式能促进早吮吸发生，提高产妇母乳喂养正确率及泌乳量，并有效预防乳汁淤积和乳腺管堵塞，降低产后乳房疼痛程度，具有积极推广价值。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of postpartum breast nursing intervention on postpartum breastfeeding and the incidence of milk stasis in primipara.
Methods 475 cases of primipara treated in our hospital in 2023 (January-December) were selected as the control group (routine postpartum nursing mode), and 501 cases of primipara treated in our hospital in 2024 (January-December) were selected as the observation group (postpartum breast nursing mode). The incidence of early sucking, correct rate of breastfeeding, incidence of milk stasis and blockage of mammary duct were compared between the two groups, and the degree of breast pain (VAS) and milk output at the first, second and third day after delivery were compared between the two groups.
Results After nursing, the incidence of early Suckling, the correct rate of breastfeeding (breastfeeding posture, infant attachment, sufficient breastfeeding time) in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the incidence of milk stasis and mammary duct blockage were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The VAS scores of postpartum 1, 2 and 3 days in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and milk production was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   The implementation of postpartum breast nursing mode for primipara can promote the occurrence of early sucking, improve the correct rate of breastfeeding and milk production, effectively prevent milk stasis and mammary duct blockage, and reduce the degree of postpartum breast pain.