Influence of optimizing preoperative abstinence from drinking and fasting on rehabilitation of patients undergoing elective spinal joint surgery
优化术前禁饮禁食流程对脊柱关节外科择期手术患者康复效果的影响

摘要

目的 观察分析对脊柱关节外科择期手术患者实施优化术前禁饮禁食流程的临床效果和应用价值。方法 采用回顾性研究方法，选择院内就诊的60例脊柱关节外科择期手术患者（样本纳入例数：60例；样本纳入时间：2022年5月至2023年5月），以随机摸球为基础分组方式，分为对照、实验两个小组，观察例数高度一致。分别实施常规术前禁饮禁食流程，优化术前禁饮禁食流程。收集分析护理效果。结果 与对照组（常规术前禁饮禁食流程）相比，实验组（优化术前禁饮禁食流程）手术前后的口渴感、饥饿度均低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；实验组手术前的空腹血糖浓度、胰岛素浓度、胰岛素抵抗指数、焦虑抑郁评分低于对照组，手术后的胰岛素抵抗指数、焦虑抑郁评分低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；手术后两组空腹血糖浓度、胰岛素浓度差异不具有统计学意义（P＞0.05）；实验组手术前后的生活质量评分均高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 优化术前禁饮禁食流程可以有效改善脊柱关节外科择期手术患者手术前后的口渴感、饥饿度，有助于促进空腹血糖浓度、胰岛素浓度、胰岛素抵抗指数稳定，缓解负性情绪，改善生活质量，提高患者接受度，有较高应用价值。

Abstract

Objective To observe and analyze the clinical effect and application value of optimizing the preoperative abstinence and fasting procedure for patients undergoing elective spinal joint surgery.
Methods A retrospective study was carried out to select 60 patients with spinal joint surgery in our hospital (sample included: 60 cases; Sample inclusion time: May 2022 to May 2023) was divided into control and experimental groups based on random ball touching, and the number of observed cases was highly consistent. The routine preoperative abstinence and fasting process was carried out, and the preoperative abstinence and fasting process was optimized. The nursing effect was collected and analyzed.
Results Compared with the control group (routine preoperative abstinence and fasting procedure), the thirst and hunger of the experimental group (optimized preoperative abstinence and fasting procedure) before and after surgery were lower than those of the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The fasting blood glucose concentration, insulin concentration, insulin resistance index and anxiety and depression score of the experimental group before operation were lower than those of the control group, and the insulin resistance index and anxiety and depression score after operation were lower than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations between the two groups after operation (P > 0.05). The quality of life scores of the experimental group before and after operation were higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   Optimizing the preoperative abstinence and fasting process can effectively improve thirst and hunger before and after spinal joint surgery in patients undergoing elective surgery, help to stabilize fasting blood glucose concentration, insulin concentration and insulin resistance index, alleviate negative emotions, improve quality of life and increase patient acceptance, and have high application value.