摘要
实习末期本科护生焦虑状况较严重，压力源可能来自临床实习及社会生活的多个方面。除实习本身和就业压力外，个性特征导致的对未来事业的迷茫是其主要因素。因此只有加强临床带教力量，加强本科护生的心理健康教育，培养其掌握良好的沟通技能，帮助本科护生确立正确的择业观和职业生涯规划，建立有效的、针对性的支持系统，从而帮助他们改善人际关系、端正专业态度，引导其采取积极的应对方式来面对困难，促进其心理健康，确保良好的实习效果，避免护理人才的流失。
关键词： 实习末期本科护生；焦虑状况；心理健康；个性特征；解决措施
Abstract
At the end of the internship, undergraduate nursing students have serious anxiety, and the stress source may come from many aspects of clinical practice and social life. In addition to the internship itself and the employment pressure, the confusion about the future career caused by the personality characteristics is the main factor. So only strengthen clinical teaching power, strengthen the undergraduate students mental health education, cultivate their good communication skills, help undergraduate students establish correct career outlook and career planning, establish effective, targeted support system, to help them improve interpersonal relationship, professional attitude, guide its positive response to face difficulties, promote their mental health, ensure good practice effect, avoid the loss of nursing talent.
Key words： undergraduate nursing students; anxiety; mental health; personality characteristics; solutions
参考文献 References
[1] 张宏晨，杨彦伟.不同学历及院校护生对临床实习环境的评价研究[J]. 护理研究，2016，30(9):3431-3432.
[2] 杨菩，张欢，官计，等.不同学历护生临床实习前后心理弹性状况及其影响因素的研究[J].当代护士(下旬刊)，2017，10(2):157-160.
[3] MAZZELLA E A，SANZERO E L，TAN K S，et al. The relationships between coping, occupational stress, and emotional intelligence innewly hired oncology nurses [J]. Psychooncology, 2019, 28(2):278-283.
[4] 单玉民.医院磁性水平和职业获益感在临床护士职业紧张与心理健康状况间的双调节作用[J].职业与健康，2020，36(22):3076-3079,3084.
[5] 李鑫,王雪,王莹,等.不同科室护士职业压力和心理健康状况与职业倦怠水平及其关系的研究[J].工业卫生与职业病,2020,46(5):412-416.
[6] LAW K S，WONG C S，SONG L J. The construct and criterion validity of emotional intelligence and its potential utility for management studies [J]. J Appl Psychol，2004, 89(3): 483-496.
[7] 宁丽,李益民,陆骏,等.团体积极心理干预对“90后”护生心理弹性和职业认同感的影响[J].中华现代护理杂志,2019,25(21):2759-2763.
[8] 黄雨萱，牟绍玉，朱佳露，等.心理弹性在护生临床实习环境和转型冲击间的中介效应［J］.解放军护理杂志，2021，38（11）：8-11.
[9] 江琴,贾骏,蔡太生.手机App辅助正念干预对心理健康作用的研究进展[J].医学与哲学,2019,40(21):64-66,70.
[10] CHEN Y，ZHANG Y C，JIN R M.Professional identity of male nursing students in 3-year colleges and junior male nurses in China [J]. Am J Mens Health, 2020, 14(4):1-10.
[11] 龙细连,郑琍真,林艺萍,等.护士心理健康与职业认同感的实证研究[J].中医药管理杂志,2022,30(11):37-41.
[12] LEWIS G M, NEVILLE C, ASHKANASY N M. Emotional intelligence and affective events in nurse education: A narrative review [J]. NurseEduc Today, 2017, 53：34-40.
[13] 宋安琪,王焕研,祖胥,等.基于SCL-90量表对本科护理学生心理健康状况调查研究[J].哈尔滨医科大学学报,2020,54(3):338-343.
[14] FITZGERALD A. Professional identity：a concept analysis［J］.Nurs Forum，2020，55(3):447-472.
[15] 李新月，高若瑾，梁迎接.本科实习护生职业认同感和临床实践行为的相关性研究[J]. 中西医结合护理(中英文)，2019, 5(10):169-171.