Epidemiological investigation on visual development and refractive status of 3-6 year old preschool children inWangqing Town
汪清镇 3-6 岁学龄前儿童视力发育和屈光状态流行病学调查

摘要

目的 了解汪清镇 3-6 岁学龄前儿童视力发育及屈光状况。方法 汪清镇 10 所幼儿园和学前班 3-6 岁学龄前儿童视力检查，使用电脑验光检查，记录以后并按年龄段分组，对屈光及视力检查资料结果进行统计 学分析。结果 2580 名儿童完成检查，正常为 2391 例占 92.7% ，可疑 280 例 占 10.8%，患病 189 例 患病率 7.32% 。患病情况主要包括：近视、远视、散光和弱视。三岁组 645 例 男 287 例 女 358 例 ， 四岁组 720 例 男 412 例 女 308 例，五岁组 668 例 男 388 例 280 例 ，六岁组 547 例 男 301 例 女 246 例 。 3 岁组和四 岁组差异无统计学意义，五岁组和六岁组近视率高于 3 岁组和四岁组。（P<0.05）。结论 3-6 岁学龄前儿童视力 检查是儿童眼保健的重点，及时早期发现视力异常、屈光不正，保护好儿童视力，避免可治愈的儿童盲。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the visual acuity development and refractive status of 3-6 years old preschool children in Wang Qingzhen.
Methods Visual acuity of 3 to 6 years old preschool children in 10 kindergartens and preschool classes in Wangqing town was examined by using computer optometry, and the results of refractive and visual acuity examination were statistically analyzed after recording and grouping according to age group.
Results 2580 children completed the examination, 2391 normal cases (92.7%), 280 suspicious cases (10.8%), 189 sick cases (7.32%). The main diseases include: myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism and amblyopia. There were 645 males and 287 females in the three-year-old group, 720 males and 412 females in the four-year-old group, 668 males and 388 males and 280 females in the five-year-old group, and 547 males and 301 females and 246 females in the six-year-old group. There was no significant difference between the three and four year old groups, and the myopia rate of the five and six year old groups was higher than that of the three and four year old groups. (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Vision examination for 3-6 years old preschool children is the focus of children's eye health care, timely and early detection of vision abnormalities and refractive errors, good protection of children's vision, and avoid curable childhood blindness.