Nursing and Observation Study on the Application of Free Flap in Burn Plastic Surgery
烧伤整形外科中游离皮瓣的应用护理和观察研究

摘要

目的 分析烧伤整形外科中游离皮瓣的应用护理和研究。方法 选取 2021 年 5 月~2022 年 6 月我院 收治的 86 例烧伤患者，按全盲抓阄法分成两组，对照组 43 例采取常规护理，观察组 43 例采用针对性的护理方 案，对两组护理效果和不良反应以及有效率进行观察。结果 在观察组43 例患者中，有41 例皮瓣成活，占比95.35%， 有 2 例移植失败，占比为 4.65%；相比于对照组 43 例中，有 33 例皮瓣成活，占比为 76.74%，有 10 例移植失败， 占比为 23.25%，明显偏低（χ2＝6.254，P＜0.05）；在 43 例观察组中，血肿或瘀斑有 1 例（2.32%）、坏死感染 1 例（2.32%）、切口裂开 0 例（0），其总发生率为 2 例（4.65%），对照组 43 例中，有血肿或瘀斑 3 例（6.98%）、 坏死感染 2 例（4.65%）、切口裂开 2 例（4.65%），总发生率为 7 例（16.28%），两组对比（χ2＝0.624，P＜0.05）； 观察组护理满意度显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 烧伤整形外科中患者实行游离皮瓣整形并进行针对性的护 理能够提升治疗的有效率，降低并发症的产生，使护理满意度得到提升。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the application, nursing, and research of free flap in burn plastic surgery. Method 86 burn patients admitted to our hospital from May 2021 to June 2022 were selected and divided into two groups using a blind lottery method. The control group consisted of 43 patients who received routine care, while the observation group consisted of 43 patients who received targeted care. The nursing effects, adverse reactions, and effectiveness rates of the two groups were observed. Result Among the 43 patients in the observation group, 41 flaps survived, accounting for 95.35%, and 2 failed transplants, accounting for 4.65%; Compared to the control group of 43 cases, 33 cases of skin flaps survived, accounting for 76.74%, and 10 cases of transplant failure, accounting for 23.25%, which was significantly lower (χ2=6.254, P<0.05); In the observation group of 43 cases, there was 1 case of hematoma or ecchymosis (2.32%）, 1 case of necrotic infection (2.32%), and 0 case of incision dehiscence (0), with a total incidence rate of 2 cases (4.65%). In the control group of 43 cases, there were 3 cases of hematoma or ecchymosis (6.98%), 2 cases of necrotic infection (4.65%), and 2 cases of incision dehiscence (4.65%), with a total incidence rate of 7 cases (16.28%). The two groups were compared (χ2=0.624, P<0.05); The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   In burn plastic surgery, patients undergoing free flap plastic surgery and targeted nursing can improve the effectiveness of treatment, reduce the occurrence of complications, and improve nursing satisfaction.