Analysis of high risk factors of postoperative infection in ophthalmic patients and nursing countermeasures
眼科患者术后感染的高危因素分析及护理对策

摘要

目的 探析眼科患者术后感染的高危因素，探讨护理措施。方法 随机选取 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 8 月 160 例眼科患者临床资料，根据是否出现感染分为观察组和对照组，对照组为术后未发生感染者 88 例，观察 组为术后发生感染者 72 例。通过单因素与多因素 Logistic 回归分析术后感染的高危因素、护理措施。结果 160 例眼科手术患者中，术后发生感染 72 例，发生率 45.00%，其中占比最高的则是企鹅欧感染，为 33.75%。单因素 分析指出，两组手术时间、侵入性操作、年龄、术中玻璃体溢出、糖尿病史、接触性检查、抗菌药物使用情况对 比（P<0.05）。多因素 Logisitic 回归分析：眼科手术患者术后出现感染以术前未应用抗菌药物、有糖尿病使、术 中玻璃体溢出、年龄不低于 65 岁、侵入性操作（P<0.05）。结论 将近 50%眼科手术患者术后具有感染的可能性， 其中最高的是切口感染，其出现与多种因素有关，如侵入性操作等，临床需要对此高度重视，且基于相应护理措 施，确保患者安全。

Abstract

Objective To explore the high-risk factors of postoperative infection in ophthalmic patients and explore nursing measures.
Methods The clinical data of 160 ophthalmic patients from March 2020 to August 2021 were randomly selected. They were divided into observation group and control group according to whether there was infection. The control group was 88 patients without infection after operation, and the observation group was 72 patients with infection after operation. The high risk factors and nursing measures of postoperative infection were analyzed by single factor and multiple factor logistic regression.
Results Of the 160 cases of ophthalmic surgery, 72 cases (45.00%) had postoperative infection, and the highest proportion was Penguin infection (33.75%). Univariate analysis showed that the operation time, invasive operation, age, intraoperative vitreous overflow, history of diabetes, contact examination, and use of antibiotics were compared between the two groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis of multiple factors: the postoperative infection of patients with ophthalmic surgery was caused by diabetes, vitreous overflow during the operation, no use of antibiotics before the operation, and invasive operation (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Nearly 50% of patients with ophthalmic surgery have the possibility of infection after surgery, the highest of which is incision infection. Its occurrence is related to a variety of factors, such as invasive operation, which needs to be highly valued in clinical practice and based on corresponding nursing measures to ensure the safety of patients.