Analysis of risk factors of venous thromboembolism in inpatients of oncology department and emergencytreatment of clinical nursing
肿瘤内科住院患者静脉血栓栓塞症危险因素分析及临床护理应急处置

摘要

目的 诱发静脉血栓栓塞症的危险因素较多，为提高患者生存质量，分析肿瘤内科住院患者静 脉血栓栓塞症危险因素，加强对静脉血栓栓塞症的识别，对护理应急对策作进一步探究。方法 研究筛选出 共 40 例确诊为静脉血栓栓塞症的肿瘤内科住院患者为研究对象入甲组，均于 2021 年 1 月至 2022 年 1 月期 间进入本院就诊治疗，选取同时期 40 例未发生静脉血栓栓塞症的肿瘤内科住院患者入乙组与甲组作对照研 究，收集患者基础信息及检查指标，通过进行单因素分析、多因素 Logistic 回归分析，筛选静脉血栓栓塞症 形成的独立危险因素，并制定对应护理处置对策。结果 肺栓塞症状占 61.54%，深静脉血栓症状占 51.85%， 制动（＞3d）、心功能不全史、甲状腺功能减退史为静脉血栓栓塞症的危险因素 P＜0.05，Logistic 回归分 析显示 BMI 升高、D－二聚体水平、Padua 风险评分≥4 分为独立危险因素，P＜0.05。结论 通过分析肿瘤内 科住院患者静脉血栓栓塞症的的危险因素，Padua 风险评分可较好反映患者静脉血栓栓塞症危险等级，进而 为实施有效的临床护理应急处置措施提供依据。

Abstract

Objective There are many risk factors inducing venous thromboembolism. In order to improve the quality of life of patients, we analyzed the risk factors of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients in oncology department, strengthened the identification of venous thromboembolism, and further explored the emergency nursing countermeasures.
Methods A total of 40 inpatients in the tumor department diagnosed as venous thromboembolism were selected as the study object, and all of them were admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022. Forty inpatients in the tumor department who did not have venous thromboembolism in the same period were selected as the control study group B and group A, and the basic information and examination indicators of patients were collected through single factor analysis Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen the independent risk factors of venous thromboembolism and formulate corresponding nursing countermeasures.
Results Pulmonary embolism symptoms accounted for 61.54%, deep vein thrombosis symptoms accounted for 51.85%, immobilization（>3 days）,history of cardiac insufficiency, history of hypothyroidism were risk factors for venous thromboembolism （P<0.05）, Logistic regression analysis showed that increased BMI, D-dimer level, Padua risk score ≥ 4 were independent risk factors （ P<0.05 ） .
Conclusion   By analyzing the risk factors of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients in the department of oncology, Padua risk score can better reflect the risk level of venous thromboembolism in patients, and thus provide a basis for the implementation of effective clinical nursing emergency response measures.