Study on the status of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with brain tumor and its influencingfactors
颅脑肿瘤患者术后恶心呕吐现状及其影响因素研究

摘要

目的 探究颅脑肿瘤患者术后恶心呕吐现状及其影响因素。方法 收集 2021.11 至 2022.06 期间 收治的 285 例接受开颅肿瘤切除术的颅脑肿瘤患者的临床资料，统计术后恶心呕吐发生情况，并利用单因 素、多因素分析探究影响术后恶心呕吐发生的因素。结果 共纳入 285 例患者，其中术后发生恶心呕吐的有 72 例，未发生的有 213 例，发生率为 25.26%（72/285）。两组患者在性别、年龄、BMI、ASA 分级、基础 疾病、手术用时、术后拔管时间等因素间无明显差异（P>0.05）；但两组患者在术前焦虑、术前禁饮时间、 晕动病史等因素上差异明显（P<0.05）。单因素 Logistic 回归显示，颅脑肿瘤患者术后恶心呕吐发生的影响 因素可能是术前焦虑、术前 8h 禁饮、晕动病史（P<0.05）。多因素 Logistic 回归模型在矫正干扰因素后，提 示术前焦虑、术前 8h 禁饮、晕动病史（P<0.05）仍是颅脑肿瘤患者术后恶心呕吐发生的独立危险因素。结 论 颅脑肿瘤患者术后恶心呕吐发生率较高，这一症状的发生与术前焦虑、术前 8h 禁饮、晕动病史等有关。 临床应根据上述影响因素，制定针对性干预方案，旨在降低术后恶心呕吐发生率。

Abstract

Objective To explore the influencing factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with craniocerebral tumor.
Methods The clinical data of 285 patients with craniocerebral tumor who underwent craniotomy tumor resection from 2021.11 to 2022.06 were collected, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was collected, univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to explore the factors affecting the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Results A total of 285 patients were included, of which 72 had postoperative nausea and vomiting, and 213 did not, with an incidence rate of 25.26% (72/285). There were no significant differences of gender, age, BMI, ASA classification, underlying diseases, operation time, and postoperative extubation time (P>0.05) between the two groups. However, there were significant differences between the two groups in factors such as preoperative anxiety, preoperative fasting time, and history of motion sickness (P<0.05). Univariate Logistic regression showed that the influencing factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with craniocerebral tumor may be preoperative anxiety, 8-hour preoperative fasting, and history of motion sickness (P<0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression model, after adjusting for interference factors, indicated that preoperative anxiety, no drinking for 8 hours before surgery, and history of motion sickness (P<0.05) were still independent risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with craniocerebral tumors.
Conclusion   The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with craniocerebral tumors is high, and the occurrence of this symptom is related to preoperative anxiety, 8-hour preoperative fasting, and history of motion sickness. According to the above influencing factors, targeted intervention programs should be formulated to reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.