Nursing of pelvic floor muscle function exercise to improve defecation function in patients with middle andlow rectal cancer
对中低位直肠癌保肛术患者实施盆底肌功能锻炼改善排便功能的护理

摘要

目的 探讨分析对中低位直肠癌保肛术患者实施盆底肌功能锻炼改善排便功能的护理。方法 选 择 2020 年 1 月至 2022 年 5 月我院 60 例中低位直肠癌行保肛手术，随机分成两组，每组 30 例。对照组术 后给予常规盆底肌锻炼方案，观察组术后给予盆底肌锻炼联合水疗护理方案。分别比较两组干预前后的前 切除综合征评分及依从性、失禁性皮炎程度。评价比较两组不同时间段康复效果和盆底肌锻炼或水疗的最 佳疗程。结果 对照组术后 3 个月的肛门排便功能与术后 1 个月的比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)，术后 6 个月与术后 1 个月的比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，观察组术后 3 个月、6 个月的肛门排便功能与术后 1 个月的比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。观察组与对照组比较，尿频、便频、腹胀、口干、大便失禁、肛 周皮肤疼痛等临床表现均有显著性差异。结论 对于中低位直肠癌保肛手术的病人，采用盆底肌肉的运动， 不但可以改善病人的大便功能，而且可以防止术后的并发症，增加病人的护理满意度。

Abstract

Objective To explore and analyze the nursing of pelvic floor muscle function exercise to improve defecation function in patients with middle and low rectal cancer.
Methods From January 2020 to May 2022, 60 patients with middle and low rectal cancer underwent anus preservation operation in our hospital, and were randomly divided into two groups, 30 cases in each group. The control group was given routine pelvic floor muscle exercise program after operation, and the observation group was given pelvic floor muscle exercise combined with hydrotherapy nursing program after operation. The score of anterior resection syndrome and the degree of compliance and incontinence dermatitis were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Evaluate and compare the rehabilitation effect and the best course of pelvic floor muscle exercise or spa between the two groups in different time periods.
Results the control group after 3 months of the anus bowel function and postoperative 1 month there was no statistical significance (P > 0.05) difference comparison, after 6 months and 1 month after comparing the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), the observation group of 3 months, 6 months after the anus bowel function was compared with the postoperative 1 month difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were significant differences between the observation group and the control group in frequency of urination, frequency of defecation, abdominal distention, dry mouth, fecal incontinence, perianal skin pain and other clinical manifestations.
Conclusion   For patients with low and middle rectal cancer, the exercise of pelvic floor muscle can not only improve the patient's stool function, but also prevent postoperative complications and increase the patient's nursing satisfaction.